American Imperial Families of the 15th and 16th Century by Alvy Ray Smith is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Based on a work at alvyray.com/CreativeCommons, which is the .pdf version of this image.

Required attribution is: "By Alvy Ray Smith, created for use in Charles Mann's 1493, first published in Aug 2011." The work is to be used in its entirety only.

Charles Mann's caption (from his book 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created):

To bolster the legitimacy of their rule, conquistadors often married into or took consorts from the elite of the peoples they conquered, Cortés and Pizarro being among the leading examples. They created a generation of mixed-culture children who became some of the new colonies’ most powerful citizens. Because many of the conquistadors were from Extremadura, a mountainous region dominated by a few interrelated families, they were often as tightly related as Indian nobility. The result was a multicultural family web unlike any other.